E3B: Transequatorial; long path; gray line; multi-path propagation
E3B01:
What is transequatorial propagation?
Propagation between two points at approximately the same distance north and south of the magnetic equator
Propagation between any two points located on the magnetic equator
Propagation between two continents by way of ducts along the magnetic equator
Propagation between two stations at the same latitude
E3B02:
What is the approximate maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?
5000 miles
1000 miles
2500 miles
7500 miles
E3B03:
What is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation?
Afternoon or early evening
Morning
Noon
Late at night
E3B04:
What type of propagation is probably occurring if an HF beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a station to receive the strongest signals?
Long-path
Sporadic-E
Transequatorial
Auroral
E3B05:
Which amateur bands typically support long-path propagation?
160 to 10 meters
160 to 40 meters
30 to 10 meters
6 meters to 2 meters
E3B06:
Which of the following amateur bands most frequently provides long-path propagation?
20 meters
80 meters
10 meters
6 meters
E3B07:
Which of the following could account for hearing an echo on the received signal of a distant station?
Receipt of a signal by more than one path
High D layer absorption
Meteor scatter
Transmit frequency is higher than the MUF
E3B08:
What type of propagation is probably occurring if radio signals travel along the terminator between daylight and darkness?
Gray-line
Transequatorial
Sporadic-E
Long-path
E3B09:
At what time of day is gray-line propagation most prevalent?
At sunrise and sunset
When the sun is directly above the location of the transmitting station
When the sun is directly overhead at the middle of the communications path between the two stations
When the sun is directly above the location of the receiving station
E3B10:
What is the cause of gray-line propagation?
At twilight, solar absorption drops greatly, while atmospheric ionization is not weakened enough to reduce the MUF
At midday, the sun, being directly overhead, superheats the ionosphere causing increased refraction of radio waves
At darkness, solar absorption drops greatly, while atmospheric ionization remains steady
At mid afternoon, the sun heats the ionosphere, increasing radio wave refraction and the MUF
E3B11:
What communications are possible during gray-line propagation?
Contacts up to 8,000 to 10,000 miles on three or four HF bands
Contacts up to 2,000 miles only on the 10-meter band
Contacts up to 750 miles on the 6- and 2-meter bands
Contacts up to 12,000 to 15,000 miles on the 2 meter and 70 centimeter bands
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