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effective 4/01/2007

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A-002-08: Operational amplifiers, properties and applications

A-002-08-01: What is an operational amplifier (op-amp)?

A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components mounted externally

A high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components mounted externally

An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated amateur signals to the legal limit

A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier



A-002-08-02: What would be the characteristics of the ideal op-amp?

Infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, and flat frequency response

Zero input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, and flat frequency response

Infinite input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain and flat frequency response

Zero input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, and flat frequency response



A-002-08-03: What determines the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit?

The external feedback network

The PNP collector load

The power supply voltage

The collector-to-base capacitance of the PNP stage



A-002-08-04: What is meant by the term op-amp offset voltage?

The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop condition

The difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required for the next stage

The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in an open-loop condition

The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage



A-002-08-05: What is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

Very high

Very low

Exactly 100 ohms

Exactly 1000 ohms



A-002-08-06: What is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?

Very low

Very high

Exactly 100 ohms

Exactly 1000 ohms



A-002-08-07: What are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio filter?

Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss

Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elements

Op-amps are available in more styles and types than are LC elements

Op-amps are fixed at one frequency



A-002-08-08: What are the principal uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry?

Op-amp circuits are used as audio filters for receivers

Op-amp circuits are used as low-pass filters at the output of transmitters

Op-amp circuits are used as filters for smoothing power supply output

Op-amp circuits are used as high-pass filters to block RFI at the input of receivers



A-002-08-09: What is an inverting op-amp circuit?

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 180 degrees out of phase

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are in phase

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 90 degrees out of phase

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input impedance is held to zero, while the output impedance is high



A-002-08-10: What is a non-inverting op-amp circuit?

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are in phase

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 90 degrees out of phase

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input impedance is held low, and the output impedance is high

An operational amplifier circuit connected such that the input and output signals are 180 degrees out of phase



A-002-08-11: What term is most appropriate for a high gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components mounted externally?

Operational amplifier

Difference amplifier

High gain audio amplifier

Summing amplifier





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A-002-09: Mixers, frequency multipliers
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